The psychological approach

The general use of a psychological study is to examine the act of reaction, goes back as far as Plato. Romantic critics like Coleridge were also interpreted in exploring how human being comes to write poetry. In more recent times, psychological studies attempt to relate the author’s start of mind to special qualities in the work.

In more recent times, various schools of modern Psychology have examined the mental conditions out of which art arises. The Freudian school relates art and neurosis, while Jungian school discusses the concept of archetypes.

The Psychoanalytic approach has been normalized as a way of understanding the mind. The term psychoanalysis given by Freud in 1896. He gave this term as a means of therapy for neurosis, but soon expanded it to account for many developments in the history of development and civilization, including war force mythology and religion as well as literature and the other arts.

Literature like dreams neurotic symptoms consist of the imagined or fantasy, fulfillment of wishes that either of wishes that either or prohibited by the society, comes in to the unconscious realm of critics mind. The chief mechanism that effect these are

1.   Condensation

2.   Displacement and

3.   Symbolism

These phenomenon particularly effect on modernist writing. Freud’s identification of pleasure as a central motivation in human behavior has been developed in psychoanalytical and linguistic theory together with the concept of desire. The desire of psychological or sexual gratification and the psychologist Carl Jung played a very important role in pointing out how certain images and symbols in a language derived their full meaning from a deep

“Collective unconscious”

 that lies behind the conscious unconscious of individual’s mind. Northrop Fryer develops the ideas of Archetypal literature based on the psychological approach.

We are always curious to know from where the creative writers draw their material and how can they arouse emotion in us. But the creative writers themselves have no explanation of this.

If we want to find out a trace of imaginative activity in us then we will have to go the childhood, the child’s mentality toeards others as it is important into the psychological approach. So we can say that  psmeychological approach important  for students of iterature to remark the mentality of the  readers as well as the people.

The Village by the Sea

The novel Village by the sea tells the story of a sea side village ,Thul situated at a distance of 14 gm from Bombay. Anita Desain tells the story of Thul threw the story of poor village boy Hari, 12 year young boy and his sister Lila age at 13 Hari and Leela tried hard to save their family from the brink of ruin as their father is drunkard and mother is invalid. Their father once and animals but they had to sale to pay off debts. 

Hari works in the field; I the fields sell bunch of coconuts and goes to the sea to fish with his net. His elder sister Leela is equally  worked hard she does household chores looks after her school going sisters Bela and Komal  and her ailing mother besides manages the drunken outburst of her father.

As sea is a major source of sustenance for the people of Thul, they worship the sea by offering prayers at the sacral sacked rocks. Woman of Thul always begin their morning by offering Kum-Kum at the sacred rocks. The fishing boats sails into the morning and return by dust. The Village women, who make a giving by sailing fish, come there with their baskets and buy fish by bitting the auction. Anita Desai has portrayed the sounds and sight of the sea of Thul beautifully. She also  describe the chirping of birds of various kinds and coours the roaring of weavea dashing against the rocks. Playfully as the voice of Thul. In the evening Bela and Komal come to the rocks at the law tide with other girls and wemen of the Village and scraps Molluses from the rocks for their supper.

Romeo and Juliet

The entire play is a full length play divided into five acts and these acts are subdivided into several scenes. The play is rightly labeled as a romantic tragedy because the romantic mood dominates threw out the text of the play.

The central theme of the play is the love theme and the play at length gives the account of the love experience of two lovers. In the very beginning the playwright has projected speeches in the mouth of Romeo who philosophizes the passion of love. Who Moreover Romeo first projected   as the rejected lover who thought   the lady namely Rosalind afterwards he forgets Rosalind whenever he meets Juliet. This shows instability of the mind of Romeo as reader we says that both the lovers are suppose to overcome  many  hurdles before they join with each other.

The scene of the physical fight between the servants of two families, the dual between.  Tyablt and Mercutio all this refer to violence and adds to Romantic mood of the play. The playwright has deliberately used the poetic language while writing the play. Shakespeare has followed the three unities suggested by Aristotle for tragedy while writing this pay that is why Romeo and the Romantic tragedy.

The central theme of the play Romeo and Juliet is defieneatly the young love with each other. To be precise, the focal point of the play is intensity of lover passion of love. Both the lovers are very young and so they both are into full of vitality and intensity. So we can say that the play related to love, family quarrel which is interwoven with each other. It is remarkable that the quarrel effected into the personal as well as internal life also.

The  play Romeo and Juliet also related with the Shakespere’s  play ‘As you like it’ because  the love theme is the central theme of the play As you like it.

The play also leads us towards  modernity because into the modern time many youngsters were doing love marriages but some are gets succeed  while other s were get faille because familiar and other obstacles also and because of that many problems youngster were facing into their life,

If we talk about the very old films like Heer , Raanza or Mugleaazzam we can find the same stories as Romeo and Juliet and those films were leads us towards love affair and family quarrels which converts into the unsuccessful love stories.

The play is in a logical sequence and in a convincing manner. The plot structure of the play gives an organic unity to the entire play affect of the relationship between the characters of the pay and the plot of the play is inevitable.

Mill on the floss

‘Mill on the Floss ‘undoubtedly interesting story. The character begin to the play part from childhood and they grow up their lives are circumstances. And midst of tempest and destruction as a bringer of reconciliation and peace. And the novel closes, in perfect harmony with it’s opening as a story of trusting love.

After serving all the connection with Steafen Guest, Maggie loged to accept her environment, but her environment does no longer accept her. The house of her former friends and relatives were closed. But Bob proved her best friend. The relation with Phiip is also end. After this entire terrible mental storm, she prayed God, “o, God if my life is to log, let me live to bless and comfort those whom I love.” In this way her inner conflict is successfully resolved and she is ripe for severest test. This test comes soon.

It was in the midnight when Maggie was lost in rumination that she felt a startling sensation of sudden cold about her knees and feet. It was fear by the old men that the havoc which was caused once sixty years ago, might come upon them again. And so it happened she immediately roused Bob and they took boats while the water was rising rapidly. Maggie acted with cool courage and saved Bob and his family. Maggie took one boat for her selves and rushed towards the mi to help her who was in equal danger. At that she was escaping from the lifelong struggle in the dark she reached her goal. Cried to Tom and mother. The mother was not there but soon in the boat which wears rapidly being born upo wide deep rushing waters. Tom understood the great love of Maggie towards him. He at once spoke, “Maggie”! But Maggie could not speak a word. Soon they started rowing by back but in no time were they engulfed by the angry water.

“The boat reappeared, but brother and sister had gone drawn in an embrace never to be parted: living through again in one supreme moment the days when they roamed the daisies little hand in love and roamed the daisies fields together.”

And at least riot conclude that those whom nature parted flood united. That flood was looked upon as waters of comfort.

“In their death they were not divided.”

Thus the novelist has brought t their union in tragic way. But some critic pointed out that it was the great stage of attainment and development in case of Maggie. Because in such a situation Maggier triumphs over death through love and sacrifice. And it is for this that “In their death they were not divided.” In this critical moment Maggie had chosen “the way of duty” in so far as she had decided to rush to the rescue of her brother Tom. AS such, Maggie’s ultimate union with Tom is a fulfillment as much it is the victory of the love over instructor.

So we can say that the Mill on the Floss is also one type of dramatic performance of all the characters especially Maggie.

Reflection of the image of India into novel ‘The white tiger’

v Reflection of the image of India into novel  ‘The white tiger’

If we talk about India we will find different answers from different people. Because India has very vast image among different people. If you ask to any foreigner he will only say that India is poor and dirty nation. So many a times one question comes into my mind that those people who has wrong image about India they were  themselves responsible for  making bad image of India. If we talk about the novel ‘The white tiger ‘ we can say  found that why people were  doing corruption so one thing will comes into my mind that ‘corrupted people were doing corruption’ and those people were corrupted somewhere and that’s whytheywere alsodoing corruption. It is a big question that how to remove corruption from India?. So first let’s see which types of corruptions were happening in India.

Corruption is the second phase of India because rules and regulations are only made for poor people and rich people were easily breaking each and every rule because they have power of economy. So it is the main point of Balram Halwai

From the see that White tiger that Why he is doing corruption. Because he has found that without corruption there we can’t be rich and powerful. If we went into Bank, Government office, Even Temple or any of the place we will only found that corruption which is done by the corrupted people.

If we talk about some countries of India like U.P, Bihar or Karalla we found that people doing corruption even into the marriage also. But   how? By   asking for lot amount of dowry from bride’s father.

And they has to give dowry because without it marriage will not possible, the same thing we will found into White Tiger that how Balram has to leave his school because his family needs money for marriage of their sisters and they has to givedowry which is impossible without money.  So we can say that we can found corruption each and every step of our life and those things were making India as corrupted nation which makes bad image of India towards other people.

In the novel White tiger we found that how Balram moves towards the city to earn money because money is important part of each and every people and nobody wants to become servant because it is dream of every people to become master by hook or crook. And so Balram has also done crime because he was understand the true meaning of life. And so from child to his adultery he has face various hurdles in his life related to the economy. But he was understood the true meaning of life is that a goodness of a person leads towards servitude and abad people becomes master. And so he kills Mr. Ashok for remove himself into the chain and restriction of servitude of others. So How India is bearing various people but nobody cares about India, but I would like to write a poem on India written by me, the poem describes that how India serves others without raising her voice.

Ae pavitra Bharat bhumi

Kitna tum sahankrogi?

Tera hi lahu deke kabtak tum upkar krogi

Aur log to bas paiseke mare

Kya tera dhyan karenge?

Phirbhi uff kbhi apne hontho pe tu na ane deti

Aepavitra Bharat bhumi

Kitna tum sahankrogi?

                                                                        By Asmita

I have written this poem to show that how people were destroying a pious country like India in front of the other countries. So at last I would like to say that the Novel The white tiger is the best example to show the reflection of Indian image.

I would like to write Sadda  Haq song to indicate that if our country will speak anything so how it will express her grief.

Tu kaate mujhe
Kyun baate mujhe Tu kaate mujhe
Kyun baate mujhe
Iss tarah.. (Ho ha….)

But we can also say that wretched people like Balram  Halwai who were suppressed by rich people they were speak like this…

Kyun sach ka sabak sikhaye
Jab sach sun bhi na paye
Sach koi bole toh tu
Niyam kanoon bataye

Thus I have express which I have learned from the novel about Indian image into the Novel ‘The White Tiger.’

What is Religion?

What is Religion?

IF I am not wrong so I will say that religion is the main parameter of the society it ids the need of the society or we can say that world because every countries an every nation has their own religion and god.  But my question is religion becomes only a way of earning the money or what?
We can see that many Baba’s were emerged and they were only spreading the advertisement about religion is that religion by taking money. If you have money power so you can be able to enter into the temple otherwise no one gives chance also to enter into the temple.
“Spirituality without Religion”, or “God without Religion” is a soul’s response to the dilemma of seeking nearness to God and growth of the human spirit, whilst seeing irrelevance, untruths, and hypocrisy in what is presented to him as the ‘Religion of God’.Each religion is originally a source of rapid material and moral progress for mankind, however over time, like all things, it will slowly begin to decline and eventually lose its original influence and relevance and beauty, and is then in need of renewal.According to Baha’i Philosophy, it is a law of the Universe that all things except for the Origin of Creation are subject to change, and are in need of renewal. This applies universally to everything from the air in a room, to the cells in our bodies, to the laws and institutions of Governance and Law,.

No it is not reasonable at all. Yet this is what occurs when one insists on living under the teachings of a past Faith, and claims that it still must be beneficial and good simply because it was originally “Created by God”. By clinging to the past we are doing a dis-service to ourselves and to mankind, and perpetuating the incorrect belief that the Religion of God revealed to humanity throughout the ages is irrelevant. This together with other unfortunate factors - such as the followers of ancient Faiths attributing metaphorical divine lessons like the story of “Noah’s Ark” to being actual historical events - are further causes of disappointment to anyone of rational mind, and further reinforces the incorrect notion that religion is contrary to science and reason.The Religion of God may be compared to a tree. At first it is young and beautiful, and entire nations derive benefit and inspiration from its fruits, and take shelter in the shade of its leaves, and make enormous progress in scientific achievements, civilization, and morality. However after a time the tree will grow old, will no longer yield fruit, and will fall into a condition of decay.

That is when God takes a seed from that old tree, and re-plants it in the soil, in order that a new tree (a new Faith) may appear. This process is eternal and God has throughout eternity revealed new Teachings in each era, and a new Faith to replace the old. Krishna, Buddha, Moses, Christ and Muhammad are examples of those past educators of civilizations whose teachings transformed and built entire nations, but whose original regenerating influence is now for the most part spent.

Appearing in the mid 19th century, the Founder of the Baha’i Faith - Baha’u’llah, is regarded by Baha’is to be the most recent in this line of Divine Educators, whose function throughout the ages have been to unite the hearts and to accelerate the material and spiritual progress of the human race. In this era Baha’u’llah proclaims Teachings which are the need for this day and age, and relevant to the present day illnesses and needs of society. Teachings such as the necessity of equality between men and women, the necessity for religious belief to be in accordance with reason and logic, the need for universal 

 in language, currency, measurements and script, in order that all nations may be more closely united, the need for one’s Faith to be the cause of harmony and love and that if one finds that his Faith has become a pretext for hatred, then both he and his society are better off if he be irreligious, and countless other teachings which are the Spirit of the age.
.“Men at all times and under all conditions stand in need of one to exhort them, guide them and to instruct and teach them. Therefore He hath sent forth His Messengers, His Prophets and chosen ones that they might acquaint the people with the divine purpose…and that everyone may become aware of the trust of God which is latent in the reality of every soul. Man is the supreme Talisman. Lack of a proper education hath, however, deprived him of that which he doth inherently possess." - Baha'u'llahThe prophets of God are the first educators of the human race. They bestow a universal and complete education upon man and cause him to rise even from the lowest levels of savagery to the highest pinnacles of spiritual development. The philosophers too are educators along lines of intellectual training, however at most they have only been able to educate themselves and a limited number about them, to improve their own morals and, so to speak, civilize themselves; but they have been incapable of universal education. They have failed to cause advancement for any given nation from savagery to civilization.

Christ, single and alone, without schooling or outward education and trained to labor in the shop of a carpenter, appeared in the world at the time when the Jewish nation was in the greatest abasement. This radiant Youth, without wealth, power of armies or prestige, rescued the Jews who believed on Him from tyranny and degradation and lifted them to the highest plane of development and glory. Peter, His disciple, was a fisherman. Through the power of Christ he shed light upon all the horizons of the world. Furthermore, various people of the Greek, Roman, Egyptian and Assyrian nations were brought together in unity and agreement; where warfare and bloodshed had existed, humility and love were manifest, and the foundations of divine religion were established. This proves that Christ was a heavenly Teacher and Educator of the world of humanity, for such evidences are historical and irrefutable, not based upon tradition and circumstantial report.

So we can say that spirituality is related with the human faith that how faith converts into spirituality which leads towards real life.